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If you can ensure that all of your clients will be using Windows-based authentication (NTLM), then you can configure authentication without depending on additional products/services. This is typically the case if all clients are on the Windows platform and using Internet Explorer. With the proper browser settings (see Recommended Browser Settings) the client browser will automatically authenticate to both Confluence and SharePoint without prompting the user for credentials.
Please review the Recommended Browser Settings page to enable a fluid user experience.
Please review Supported NTLM Authentication with the SharePoint Connector for more details about what is and what is not supported regarding NTLM Authentication.